China

 

Cao Cao
曹操
(155 - 220)

Cao Cao, courtesy name Mengde (孟德), was a Chinese
 warlord and statesman. He was the grand chancellor of the 
Eastern Han dynasty, with state affairs effectively being
 controlled by him instead of the emperor himself. 
.
In the battle of the Red Cliff in 208, Cao Cao's army 
suffered a disastrous defeat in fighting with the allied
forces of Liu Bei and Sun Quan.
.
In 220, Cao Cao died of a head tumor in Luoyang at the 
age of 65, and was posthumously titled "Emperor of Wei"
after his son Cao Pi succeeded him to the throne.